Download PDF : 

Menginspirasikan penyertaan politik dalam kalangan belia: Analisis ilokusionari dalam ucapan Syed Saddiq

Fuzirah Hashim
Fakulti Sains Sosial Kemanusiaan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor

Hadirah Amalin Hisham
Pusat Pengajian Citra Universiti, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor

Abstract
Kajian teori tindak tutur (speech act theory) lebih tertumpu kepada pengucap dan masyarakat Barat, sedangkan kajian yang dijalankan ke atas pengucap Timur masih terhad dan tidak mencukupi, terutamanya ke atas penutur belia dan wakil politik belia di Malaysia. Isu belia yang dipandang remeh yang berleluasa di Malaysia boleh dikesan dengan kurangnya perwakilan belia dalam Kabinet atau sebagai ahli Parlimen untuk bersuara mengenai kebimbangan yang dihadapi oleh generasi muda. Kajian ini akan mengutarakan ciri-ciri jenis ilokusionari tindak tutur yang digunakan dalam ucapan Syed Saddiq (anggota Muda Parlimen Muar) yang bertajuk ‘A Lost Generation: Youth in Politics’ dan menerangkan bagaimana ciri-ciri jenis ilokusionari yang telah dikenal pasti memaparkan mesej dalam ucapan tersebut. Ucapan beliau telah memberi ilham kepada pemikiran dan kepercayaan minda muda melalui kuasa kata-kata semangat dan pelbagai sumber bahasa. Kajian ini telah menggunakan bentuk kajian kualitatif deskriptif dan mengenalpasti jenis-jenis tindak ilokusionari berdasarkan Taksonomi Tindak Ilokusionari oleh John Searle (1975). Analisis kualitatif data mendedahkan bahawa ucapan Syed Saddiq kebanyakannya menggunakan tindak representatif dan direktif. Tindak tutur seperti komisif, ekspresif dan deklaratif amat jarang digunakan di dalam ujaran beliau. Analisis lanjut juga mencadangkan bahawa Syed Saddiq cenderung merayu khalayak dalam ucapannya untuk memujuk dan memotivasikan mereka dalam bertindak dan mencipta suatu perubahan dalam kancah politik sebagai belia Malaysia. Hasil kajian ini membuktikan bahawa tokoh politik dan penulis ucapan boleh menggunakan tindak ucapan atau jenis ilokusionari tertentu untuk menyampaikan ucapan politik persuasif bagi memujuk khalayak sasaran dengan jayanya, iaitu belia atau pelajar universiti, dalam menerima cadangan dan pendapat untuk memecahkan kitaran sikap tidak peduli politik dan memupuk minat politik dalam generasi muda. Dicadangkan kajian masa depan membandingkan tindak ilokusionari dalam ucapan politik pemimpin belia dari pelbagai konteks budaya untuk memahami perbezaan silang budaya dalam strategi persuasif.


Keywords:Tindak tutur, Belia, Ucapan, Ilokusionari, Politik

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24191/ejssh.vXiX.XXXXX

References:

Abd Lateef Krauss Abdullah (2019). Giving Malaysian Youth Movement New Energy. The Star. https://www.thestar.com.my/opinion/letters/2019/07/12/giving-malaysian-youth-movement-new-energy.

Abdullah, N. H., Hassan, I., Ahmad, M. F., Hassan, N. A., & Ismail, M. M. (2021). Social Media, Youths and Political Participation in Malaysia: A review of literature. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(4), 845-857.

Abdulrahman Alkhirbash. (2016). Speech acts as persuasive devices in selected speeches of Dr. Mahathir Mohammed. International Journal of English and Education, 5(2).

Akmal Hakim (2021). Protesters Stage 18-Minute Silent Sit Down Outside Parliament In Protest For #Undi18. The Rakyat Post. https://www.therakyatpost.com/news/malaysia/2021/03/27/protesters-stage-18-minute-silent-sit-down-outside-parliament-in-protest-for-undi18/

Alimi, K. F., Ayob, A. H., Abdullah, A. R., Mohamed Sultan, F. M., & Karuppannan, G. (2021). Effectiveness of English language e-learning among tertiary education students during the COVID-19 pandemic. 3L: Language, Linguistics & Literature®, 24(7), 56-71.

Astro Awani. (2024). Keterlibatan belia dalam isu sosial, politik sumbangan kepada Nasionalisme.https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/keterlibatan-belia-dalam-isu-sosial-politik-sumbangan-kepada-nasionalisme-470450

Baird, J. E. (1981). Speaking for Results: Communication by objective. Edinburgh University Press.

Bayram, F. (2010). Ideology and Political Discourse: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Erdogan's Political Speech. Annual Review of Education, Communication and Language Sciences, 7, 23-40. https://doi.org/10.12691/jll-4-1-1

Beard, A. (2000). The Language of Politics. Routledge.

Bennett, W. L. (2008). Civic Life Online: Learning How Digital Media can Engage Youth. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

Bernama. (2023, July 31). Malaysia’s population to grow 2.1% in 2023. Malaysia Now. https://www.malaysianow.com/news/2023/07/31/malaysias-population-to-grow-2-1-in-2023

Bernama. (2024). Dengar 'suara' belia, iktiraf mereka sebagai penyambung legasi. Astro Awani. https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/dengar-suara-belia-iktiraf-mereka-sebagai-penyambung-legasi-470558

Choo, L., & Penang Institute. (2019). Empowering youths to participate in Malaysian politics. Malaysiakini. https://www.malaysiakini.com/columns/464339

Dina Murad. (2015, June 12). IIUM debate team is Asia's best. The Star. https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2015/06/12/iium-asia-best-debaters/

Faiz Zaidi. (2021). An emergence of youth participation in Malaysian politics. IDEAS Institute for Democracy and Economic Affairs. https://www.ideas.org.my/an-emergence-of-youth-participation-in-malaysian-politics/

Farhad, M., & Sanaz, Afshin. (2016). Evaluative Language in Political Speeches: A Case Study of Iranian and American Presidents’ Speeches. International Journal of Linguistics, 8(4), 166-183. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v8i4.9398

Hasan Abdul Kohar, Dwi Anggani, Linggar Bharati & Dwi Rukmini (2018). The Realization and Responses of Commissive Speech Acts on the Third Presidential Debate in the 3United States Presidential Election 2016, English Education Journal, 8(2), 265-271.

Hufford, J., & Heasley, G. (1983). Semantics: A course book. Cambridge University Press.

Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. New York University Press.

Khalid, B. G., & Amin, N. M. (2019). A speech act analysis of political speeches on Yazidi massacre. ZANCO Journal of Humanity Sciences, 23(4), 294-307.

Leech, G. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics. Longman.

Levine, P. (2011). Civic engagement and community information: Five strategies to revive civic communication. Washington: Aspen Institute.

Levinson, S. (2016). Speech Acts. In Y. Huang, Oxford handbook of pragmatics. Oxford University Press.

Lucas, S. E. (2015). The Art of Public Speaking (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Manoharan, S. R.; Hua, T. K. & Mohamed Sultan, F. M. (2022). A comparison of Online LearningChallenges between young learners and adult learners in ESL classes during the Covid-19 pandemic: Critical Review. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 12(1), 28-35

Mohd Azizuddin Mohd Sani. (2009). The Emergence of New Politics in Malaysia: From consociational to deliberative democracy. Taiwan Journal of Democracy, 5(2), 97-125.

Muhammad Agus Nur Sholeh. (2009). A Speech Act of Martin Luther King Jr.'s Speech entitled "I Have a Dream".

Norhafiza Mohd Hed. (2018). Young people's political participation in Malaysia during the 1998 Reformasi Era. Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 6(6), 187-192.

Nur Ellyanis Mohd Basori & Junaidi Awang Besar (2020). Politik Belia Dan Pilihan Raya Umum Ke-14 Di Malaysia. Jurnal eBangi. 17 (7), 49-65.

Nor Hairunnisa Mohammad Nor & Nor Syamimi Iliani Che Hassan (2023). A Speech Act Study of Online Comments towards COVID-19 Report in the Malaysian National Security Council’s Official Facebook Page. ESTEEM Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities. 7 (2), 147-163.

P Prem Kumar & Alifah Zainuddin. (2019). Syed Saddiq: From Renowned Debater to the Nation’s Youngest Minister. The Malaysian Reserve. https://themalaysianreserve.com/2019/01/02/syed-saddiq-from renowned-debater-to- the-nations-youngest-minister/

Permana, T. J., & Mauriyat, A. (2021). Analysis of speech acts in Susilo Bambang Yudoyono's political speech. Professional Journal of English Education, 4(1), 62-68.

Rheingold, H. (2008). Using participatory media and public voice to encourage civic engagement. In W. Bennett, Civic life online: Learning how digital media can engage youth (pp. 97-118). MIT Press.

Searle, J. (1975). A taxonomy of illocutionary acts. Language, Mind and Knowledge, 344-369.

Sosialis (2021). Imbas kembali 2021: Pergolakan dalam negara Malaysia. https://sosialis.net/2021/12/26/imbas-kembali-2021-pergolakan-dalam-negara-malaysia/

TED. (2017, October). A lost generation—Youth in politics. TED Talks. https://www.ted.com/talks/syed_saddiq_a_lost_generation_youth_in_politics

Thomas, J. (1995). Meaning in interaction: An introduction to pragmatics. Longman.

Van Dijk, T. A. (2006). Politics, idealogy and discourse. (K. Brown, Ed.). The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 9, 728-740.

Watson, J., & Hill, A. (1993). A dictionary of communication and media studies. Edward London.

Weiss, M. L. (2006). Protest and Possibilities: Civil society and coalitions for political change in Malaysia. Stanford University Press.